Chinas Crisis essays

China's Crisis essays According to Keith Schoppa, China was everything under Heaven (tianxia), by definition self-sufficient, and therefore needing nothing from outside (Schoppa 46). In order to maintain this self-sufficiency, the emperors of China established certain illustrations that depicted how a community should preserve their peaceful ways. The Kangxi and Yongzheng emperors considered Confucianism as their true religion and looked down upon other religions, such as Buddhism, which they called heretical. In the eyes of the Kangxi and Yongzheng emperor, to be perfectly loyal to the Ruler and to fulfill filial duty to the utmost is the whole duty of man and the means of obtaining the blessing of heaven... but simply mind your own business... if none of you believe in heretical sects, they will not have to wait to be driven out but will become extinct naturally (Cheng and Lestz 68). Their idea was to keep to yourself, and life will go accordingly and smoothly. Even for such a perfect society, pro blems can erupt. Because Chinas emperors relied on their Confucian ways of stability, gradual changes that mostly dealt with religion in society critically affected the Qing Dynastys future. As with any other country, change is inevitable. In Qian Yongs article on popular religion (Cheng and Lestz 128-131), his notes illustrated the, scorn felt by the literati for folk religion and heterodox festivals... and the impulse felt by the elite to rein in the wild and unrestrained behavior of untutored peasants, villagers, and city dwellers. To the elite, the practice of folk religion such as the gathering had the possibility of disrupting many aspects of the society such as causing fires, fights, gambling, and overall damaging social customs. Those who lived this way were not abiding by Confucius ways, and was thus an unfamiliar way of life. ...

MADRID Surname Meaning and Family History

MADRID Surname Meaning and Family History The Madrid  surname was often used to denote  someone  who came from Madrid. During the Middle Ages when the  surname came into being, Madrid was a modest-sized town; only becoming the capital of Spain in 1561. The origin of the name is uncertain, but possibly  a derivative of Late Latin  matrix, meaning riverbed. When Jews converted to Christianity in Spain in the 15th century, whether voluntarily or by force, they often took a last name based on their town or city or origin. Surname Origin:  Spanish, Jewish Alternate Surname Spellings:  Lamadrid, De La Madrid Famous People with the Surname MADRID Miguel de la Madrid  - President of Mexico from 1982–1989Juan Madrid - Spanish writer Places the MADRID Surname Is Common The Madrid  surname is most prevalent in Mexico, according to surname distribution data from Forebears, where it ranks 449th in the nation. Based on population percentage, however, it  is most common in Honduras, where it ranks as the nations 58th most common surname. Madrid is also a frequent surname in many other Hispanic countries, including  the Philippines, Spain, Chile, Colombia,  Venezuela, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Panama. WorldNames PublicProfiler identifies the Madrid surname as being somewhat common in Spain, especially in the regions of Murcia and Castilla-La Mancha, followed by Andalucia, Communidad Valencia, Cataluna, and Castilla Y Leon.  Madrid is also found in more significant  numbers in northwest Argentina and the southwestern United States, particularly in the state of New Mexico. Genealogy Resources for the Surname MADRID 50 Common Hispanic Surnames Their MeaningsGarcia, Martinez, Rodriguez, Lopez, Hernandez, are you one of the millions of people sporting one of these top 50 common Hispanic last names?Get started researching your Jewish roots with this guide to basic genealogy research, unique Jewish resources and records, and suggestions for the best Jewish genealogy Web sites and databases to search first for your Jewish ancestors.How to Research Hispanic AncestryExplore these 10 steps to help you uncover your Hispanic ancestors, including the basics of family tree research in Spain, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, and other Spanish speaking countries.Madrid  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Madrid  family crest or coat of arms for the Madrid surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was original ly granted. MADRID Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Madrid surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Madrid query.FamilySearch - MADRID  GenealogyExplore over 270,000  historical records which mention individuals with the Madrid surname, as well as online Madrid family trees on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.DistantCousin.com - MADRID Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name Madrid.GeneaNet - Madrid  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Madrid  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries.The Madrid  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Madrid  from the website of Genealogy Today. Sources: Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins